The 1830s were called ''the years of great economic hardships' because of the following reasons:
• In the first half of the nineteenth century, there was enormous increase in the population of Europe.
• There were more seekers of job than available employment, in most of the European countries at that time.
• The rural people migrated from villages to towns to live in overcrowded slums, in search of jobs.
• Small producers in towns were often faced with stiff competition from the imports of cheap machine-made goods from England, where industrialization was more advanced than the rest of the continent.
• This was specifically so in case of textile production, which was carried out mainly in homes and small workshops and were barely partly mechanised.
• In those regions of Europe —where the aristocracy still enjoyed power, peasants struggled under the burden of feudal dues and obligations.
• The rise of food prices or a year of bad harvest led to pauperism in town and country.
