Question

Most of the existing communities are evolved through a series of intermediate stage.

1. Substantiate the above statement with the process involved in the above phenomenon.

2. Elucidate the dynamic changes that happens in a water body.

Answer 1

1. Plant succession: 

The gradual & predictable change in species composition or communities of a given area is called ecological successions. It occurs due to the change of communities in response to environmental changes.

Important features of ecological successions are

• Invasion of a bare area by pioneer community
• sequence of communities that successfully change or modify the particular area called seres
• change in the diversity of species and organism in the successive serai communities
• formation of climax community.

2. Phytoplankton stage → Submerged plant stage → Submerged free floating plant stage → Reed swamp stage → Marsh meadow stage → Scrub stage → Forest stage.