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Are the nucleons fundamental particles, or do they consist of still smaller parts? One way to find out is to probe a nucleon just as Rutherford probed an atom. What should be the kinetic energy of an electron for it to be able to probe a nucleon? Assume the diameter of a nucleon to be approximately 10–15 m.

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To resolve two objects separated by distance d, the wavelength λ of the proving signal must be less than d. Therefore, to detect separate parts inside a nucleon, the electron must have a wavelength less than 10–15 m.

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