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What causes the temporary and permanent hardness of water?

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What causes the temporary and permanent hardness of water?

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Temporary hardness is caused by presence of bicarbonates of calcium and magnesium, i.e., Ca(HCO3)2 and Mg(HCO3)2 in water whereas permanent hardness is caused by presence of soluble chlorides and sulphates of calcium and magnesium, i.e., CaCl2 , CaSO4 , MgCl2 and MgSO4 in water.

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