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in Organic Chemistry: Some Basic Principles and Techniques by (38.9k points)
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Why is nitric acid added to sodium extract before adding silver nitrate for testing halogens?

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Sodium extract is boiled with nitric acid to decompose NaCN and Na2S, if present,

If the sodium extract is not boiled with nitric acid then NaCN and Na2S formed will react with AgNO3 and hence will interfere with the test as shown below:

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