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In a hockey match, both teams A and B scored same number of goals up to the end of the game, so to decide the winner, the referee asked both the captains throw a die alternately and decide that the team, whose captain gets a first six, will be declared the winner. If the captain of team A was asked to start, find their respective probabilities of winning the match and state whether the decision of the referee was fair or not.

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Given that teams A and B scored same number of goals.

It is asked captains of A and B to throw a die.

The first who throw 6 awarded a prize.

⇒ P(S6) = P(getting 6)

It is given A starts the game, A wins the game only when he gets 6 while throwing die in 1st, 3rd, 5th,…… times

Here the probability of getting 6 on throwing a die is same for both the players A and B

Since throwing a die is an independent event, their probabilities multiply each other

⇒ P(Awins ) = P(S6) + P(SN)P(SN)P(S6) + P(SN)P(SN)P(SN)P(SN)P(S6) + ……………

The series in the brackets resembles the Infinite geometric series. We know that sum of a infinite geometric series with first term ‘a’ and common ratio ‘o’ is  s = \(\cfrac{a}{1-r}\)

⇒ P(Bwins ) = 1 - P(Awins )

Since the probabilities if winnings of A and B are not equal, the decision of the referee is not fair

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