Answer:
1. Answer: (b) Sclerenchyma
Explanation: Sclerenchyma
Sclerenchyma consists of the thick cell wall with deposition of lignin. They are mostly dead and do not have protoplasts.
2. Answer: (b) lateral meristem
Explanation: The increase in the girth of a stem or secondary growth takes place due to the presence of lateral meristem, cork cambium, and vascular cambium. Apical meristems are found on the apices / growing parts of a plant such as tips of shoots, roots, etc.
3. Answer: (c) Ligament break
Explanation: The person must have broken the ligament which dislocated these long bones leading to fracture. In the case of a tendon, tendons join skeletal muscles to bone, and tendon break causes inflammation.
4. Answer: (c) kidney
Explanation: Cartilage is a connective tissue that provides support and flexibility to various parts of our body. Cartilage is found in the nose, ear, larynx but not in the kidney.
5. Answer: (a) collenchyma
Explanation: Plants are flexible due to the presence of collenchyma. Collenchyma tissue is present in leaf stalk below the epidermis and provides mechanical support to the plant.
6. Answer: (c) suberin
Explanation: The walls of cork cells are heavily thickened with an organic substance, suberin, Suberin makes these cells impervious to water and gases.
7. Answer: (b) Intercalary meristem
Explanation: Rapid elongation of a bamboo stem is due to intercalary meristem. Intercalary meristems are present at the nodes of hollow stems or culm (in sugarcane and bamboo) which allows rapid stem elongation.
8. Answer: (d) Nerve cell
Explanation: Messages, in the form of electrical impulses, constantly travel back and forth between the brain and other parts of the body. A special cell called a neuron is responsible for carrying these messages. There are about 100 billion neurons in the human brain. A neuron has three main parts.
9. Answer: (a) Cytoplasm
Explanation: Meristematic cells have dense cytoplasm and prominent nuclei because they are actively dividing cells, so they require cytoplasm and nucleus to control their activities. Vacuole has the function of storing food, but in meristematic tissue, cells keep on dividing and there is no need of storing anything.
10. Answer: (d) Plasma
Explanation: Blood is composed of formed elements—erythrocytes, leukocytes, and cell fragments called platelets—and a fluid extracellular matrix called plasma.
11. Answer: (b) Sweat gland
Explanation: Functionally, the mammary glands produce milk; structurally, they are modified sweat glands. Each lobe consists of lobules that contain glandular units. A lactiferous duct collects the milk from the lobules within each lobe and carries it to the nipple.
12. Answer: (c) Collenchyma
Explanation: Collenchyma is absent in monocot stems, roots, and leaves. Many monocots are herbaceous and do not have the ability to increase the width of a stem (secondary growth) via the same kind of vascular cambium found in non-monocot woody plants.
13. Answer: (b) Sugar
Explanation: The solid matrix of fibrous cartilage tissue is made up of proteins and sugars. Cartilage is made up of chondroblasts and chondrocytes cells, extracellular matrices. It is made up of aggrecan, water, and collagen fibers.
14. Answer: (c) Insulator
Explanation: Adipose tissue present below the skin and between internal organs stores fat. Cells in these tissues are filled with fat globules. Fat storage acts as an insulator.
15. Answer: (d) Dendrite
Explanation: Nerve cells have many short branches called Dendrites. Dendrites may branch significantly depending on the type of cell it is associated with. Dendrites receive the electrical impulses from the axon of another nerve. It is then accumulated in the cell body or some before transmission.
16. Answer: (b) conducting tissue
Explanation: The conducting tissues present in plants are xylem and phloem. These are responsible for the survival of plants in the terrestrial environment.
17. Answer: (c) 120 days
Explanation: Blood cells are flexible and contain a lot of hemoglobin, the protein which binds to oxygen. Due to this loss of a nucleus and other organelles, blood cells cannot repair themselves when damaged; this limits their lifespan to about 120 days.
18. Answer: (a) Stomata
Explanation: Stomate, also called a stoma, plural stomata or stomas, any of the microscopic openings or pores in the epidermis of leaves and young stems. Stomata are generally more numerous on the underside of leaves.
19. Answer: (b) Gland cells
Explanation: Glandular epithelium, also known as glandular tissue, refers to a type of epithelial tissue involved in the production and release of different secretory products, such as sweat, saliva, breast milk, digestive enzymes, and hormones, among many other substances.
20. Answer: (b) Sclerenchyrna
Explanation: The Sclerenchymatous tissue, which is a type of permanent tissue makes up the husk of the coconut. These tissues cause the plant to become stiff and hard. The cells of this tissue are dead and their cell walls are thickened because of the presence of lignin.