Answer:
1. Answer: (a) spicules
Explanation: Porifera is the phylum composed of the sponges. They lack true tissues, have no body symmetry, and are sessile. The classification of phylum Porifera is based upon the presence and composition of spicules.
2. Answer:: (a) Echinodermata
Explanation: Adult Echinodermata are radially symmetrical, while larvae are bilaterally symmetrical.
3. Answer:(a) contractile vacuole
Explanation: In Amoeba and Paramoecium, osmoregulation happens through contractile vacuole. The pour moisture into the contractile vacuole. The contractile vacuole displaces water outside the body. Thus the contractile vacuoles and radial tubes are for osmoregulation.
4. Answer:(b) Scyphozoa
Explanation: jellyfish, any planktonic marine member of the class Scyphozoa (phylum Cnidaria), a group of invertebrate animals composed of about 200 described species, or of the class Cubozoa (approximately 20 species).
5.Answer: (a) oncosphere
Explanation: The hexacanth, together with all the membranes surrounding it, is known as the oncosphere. The secondary or intermediate host acquires infection by ingesting the oncospheres
6.Answer:: (c) sand fly
Explanation: The disease called Cutaneous Leishmaniasis (also known as oriental sore) is one of the most common forms of Leishmaniasis which affects the lives of humans. The bite of a sandfly spreads typically. Thus, both the diseases called Kala-azar and Oriental Sore are spread by Sandfly.
7. Answer: (b) coelom
Explanation: In mollusks, annelids, and arthropods, the mesoderm (the middle germ layer) forms a solid mass of migrated cells from the single layer of the gastrula. The new mesoderm then splits, creating the pocket-like cavity of the coelom.
8. Answer:(c) nematodes
Explanation: Pseudocoelom (false body cavity) is found in Ascaris (phylum Nematohelminthes or Aschelminthes). Pseudocoelom is a fluid-filled body hole extending inside the outside body wall of the nematode. Pseudocoelom is not completely lined with the mesodermal tissue.
9. Answer: (d) coelenteron
Explanation: The body cavity of a Hydra is called a Gastrovascular cavity. It is also known as coelenteron.
10. Answer:(c) flame cells
Explanation: Flatworms have an excretory system that consists of two tubules. The cells in the tubules are called flame cells; they have a cluster of cilia that propel waste matter down the tubules and out of the body.
11. Answer: (b) earthworm
Explanation: An earthworm moves using circular and longitudinal muscles, as well as bristles called setae. The earthworm can push the setae out of its body to grab the soil around it. To move forward, the worm uses its setae to anchor the front of its body and contracts the longitudinal muscles to shorten its body.
12. Answer: (a) cuttlefish
Explanation: With the exception of nocturnal and very deep water cephalopods, all Coleoidea (squid, octopus, and cuttlefish) which dwell in light conditions have an ink sac, which can be used to expel a cloud of dark ink in order to confuse predators.
13. Answer: (d) three pairs of ganglia
Explanation: The nervous system of clams consists of three pairs of ganglia connected by nerve cords. Nerves connect the ganglia and nerve cords to sensory cells. Different cells are specialized for various functions.
14. Answer: (c) super class tetrapoda
Explanation: Osteichthyes is taxonomic superclass of the phylum Chordata (chordates) and includes groups of fish that have skeletons mainly composed of bone tissues.
15. Answer: (b) Radial
Explanation: Sea anemones, named after a terrestrial flower, have a basic radial symmetry with tentacles that surround a central mouth opening. The tentacles are used to catch food and transfer it to their mouth.
16.Answer:(c) Typhus
Explanation: Bed bugs, like the triatomines, can transmit Trypanosoma cruzi, the parasite that causes Chagas disease, one of the most prevalent and deadly diseases in the Americas, research has confirmed.
17. Answer: (c) Insects
Explanation: The insects or class Insecta comprise the largest number of animals in the world. The total number of insect species is estimated at around 6 to 10 million and comprises over 90% of the animal life forms on Earth.
18. Answer: (b) Coelenterata and Echinodermata
Explanation: Radial symmetry is found in the cnidarians (including jellyfish, sea anemones, and coral) and echinoderms (such as sea urchins, brittle stars, and sea stars).
19.Answer: (b)Arthropoda
Explanation: Periplaneta belongs to Arthropoda.
20. Answer: (d) Amphibian
Explanation: Because of their slender bodies and long tails, salamanders look somewhat like lizards so people often confuse the two. But lizards are reptiles, whereas salamanders are amphibians like frogs and toads.
21.Answer: (a) ascon type
Explanation: The simplest type of canal system found in Sponges is Ascon type. Sycon type and leucon type of canal systems are advanced canal systems which are produced by folding in the body wall of ascon type of sponges.
22. Answer: (a) Echinoidea
Explanation: Aristotle's lantern occurs in the class Echinoidea. Five teeth surrounding the mouth are attached to a masticatory apparatus, called Aristotle's lantern, after its discoverer and because of its resemblance to an ancient Greek ship-lantern. Aristotle's lantern is used in feeding.
23. Answer: (c) pseudocoelom
Explanation: A pseudocoelom is a fluid-filled space between the body wall and the digestive tract found in roundworms.
24. Answer: (b) starfish
Explanation: Tube feet (technically podia) are small active tubular projections on the oral face of an echinoderm, whether the arms of a starfish, or the undersides of sea urchins, sand dollars and sea cucumbers; they are more discreet though present on brittlestars, and have only a feeding function in feather stars.
25. Answer:(c) crocodile
Explanation: The crocodiles are only the reptile that has a four-chambered heart (two atria and two ventricles) because of the most complicated blood circulation of all vertebrates.
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