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Class 12 Chemistry  MCQ Questions of The Solid State with Answers?

Answer 1

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Practice MCQ Question for Class 12 Chemistry chapter-wise

1. Which one of the following is non-crystalline or amorphous?

(a) Diamond
(b) Graphite
(c) Glass
(d) Common Salt

2. How many chloride ions are surrounding sodium ion in sodium chloride crystal?

(a) 4
(b) 8
(c) 6
(d) 12

3. In Zinc blende structure

(a) zinc ions occupy half of the tetrahedral sites
(b) each Zn^2- ion is surrounded by six sulphide ions
(c) each S^2- ion is surrounded by six Zn²⁺ ions
(d) it has fee structure

4. Alkali halids do not show Frenkel defect because

(a) cations and anions have almost equal size
(b) there is a large difference in size of cations and anions
(c) cations and anions have low coordination number
(d) anions cannot be accommodated in voids

5. Edge length of unit cell of chromium metal is 287 pm with bcc arrangement. The atomic radius is of the order

(a) 287 pm
(b) 574 pm
(c) 124.27 pm
(d) 143.5 pm

6. The edge length of a face centred cubic cell of an ionic substance is 508 pm. If the radius of the cation is 110 pm, the radius of the anion is

(a) 110 pm
(b) 220 pm
(c) 285 pm
(d) 144 pm

7. Fe₃O₄ (magnetite) is an example of

(a) normal spinel structure
(b) inverse spinel structure
(c) fluoride structure
(d) anti fluorite structure

8. Which of the following crystals does not exhibit Frenkel defect?

(a) AgBr
(b) AgCl
(c) KBr
(d) ZnS

9. What type of stoichiometric defect is shown by ZnS?

(a) Schottky defect
(b) Frenkel defect
(c) Both Frenkel and Schottky defects
(d) Non-stoichiometric defect

10. Silver halides generally show

(a) Schottky defect
(b) Frenkel defect
(c) Both Frenkel and Schottky defects
(d) cation excess defect

11. Which of the following will have metal deficiency defect?

(a) NaCl
(b) FeO
(c) KCl
(d) ZnO

12. In which pair most efficient packing is present?

(a) hcp and bcc
(b) hcp and ccp
(c) bcc and ccp
(d) bcc and simple cubic cell

13. What is the effect of Frenkel defect on the density of ionic solids?

(a) The density of the crystal increases
(b) The density of the crystal decreases
(c) The density of the crystal remains unchanged
(d) There is no relationship between density of a crystal and defect present in it

14. In a Schottky defect

(a) an ion moves to interstitial position between the lattice points
(b) electrons are trapped in a lattice site
(c) some lattice sites are vacant
(d) some extra cations are present in interstitial space

15. To get n-type of semiconductor, germanium should be doped with

(a) gallium
(b) arsenic
(c) aluminium
(d) boron

16. p-type semiconductors are formed When Si or Ge are doped with

(a) group 14 elements
(b) group 15 elements
(c) group 13 elements
(d)group 18 elements

17. Which of the following conditions favours the existence of a substance in the solid state?

(a) High temperature
(b) Low temperature
(c) High thermal energy
(d) Weak cohesive forces

18. An AB₂ type structure is found in

(a) NaCl
(b) CaF₂
(c) Al₂O₃
(d) N₂O

19. What is the coordination number of sodium in Na₂O?

(a) 6
(b) 4
(c) 8
(d) 2

20. The coordination number in hcp is

(a) 6
(b) 12
(c) 18
(d) 24

21. The existence of a substance in more than one solid modifications is known as

(a) isomorphism
(b) Polymorphism
(c) Amorphism
(d) Allotropy

22. Assertion: No compound has both Schottky and Frenkel defects.

Reason:  Both defects change the density of the solid.

(a) If both Assertion and Reason are correct and Reason is the correct explanation of Assertion.
(b) If both Assertion and Reason are correct, but Reason is not the correct explanation of Assertion
(c) If Assertion is correct but Reason is incorrect
(d) If both the Assertion and Reason are incorrect

23. Solid CH₄ is

(a) ionic solid
(b) covalent solid
(c) molecular solid
(d) does not exist

24. Which of the following is a network solid?

(a) SO₂ (solid)
(b) I₂
(c) Diamond
(d) H₂O (Ice)

25. The phenomenon in which polar crystals on heating produce electricity is called:-

(a) Pyro-electricity
(b) Piezo-electricity
(c) Ferro-electricity
(d) Ferri-electricity

Answer 2

1. Answer : (c) Glass

Explanation: Glass is given, which is a non - crystalline solid because no regular arrangement of its constituent is observed.

2. Answer : (c) 6

Explanation: Each ion of chloride is surrounded by six ions of sodium and each ion of sodium is surrounded to six ions of chloride.

3. Answer : (a) zinc ions occupy half of the tetrahedral sites

Explanation: Zinc blende or ZnS also known as sphalerite has a cubic close packing structure also known as face–centred cubic structure.In zinc blende structure, zinc ions occupy half of the tetrahedral sites.

4. Answer : (a) cations and anions have almost equal size

Explanation: Frenkel defect is not shown by alkali metals because cations and anions have almost same size and cations cannot be accommodated in interstitial sites.

5. Answer : (c) 124.27 pm

Explanation: For bcc crystal,

\(r=\frac{\sqrt3}{4}a\)

\(r=\frac{\sqrt3}{4}\times287\)

r = 124.27pm.

6. Answer : (d) 144 pm

Explanation: For FCC lattice (assuming cation in octahedral void and anion in FCC)

a = 508 pm

\((r^++r^-)=\frac{a}{2}\)

\(=\frac{508}{2}\)

= 254 pm

\(=(r^++r^-)=254\;pm\)

r^- = 254 - 110 

= 144 pm

7. Answer : (b) inverse spinel structure

Explanation: Fe₃O₄ (magnetite) is an example of inverse spinel structure.

8. Answer : (c) KBr

Explanation: KBr exhibits Schottky defect and not Frenkel defect.

9. Answer : (b) Frenkel defect

Explanation: Frenkel defect is shown by ZnS because there is a large difference in between the size of Zn²⁺ and S^2- ion. Frenkel defect is a type of point defect.

10. Answer : (c) Both Frenkel and Schottky defects

Explanation: Silver halides show both Frenkel and Schotkky defects. For Frenkel defect the reason is that there is size difference between the sizes of silver and halide. Schottky defect is possible because silver halides are highly ionic.

11. Answer : (b) FeO

Explanation: This type of defect occurs in compounds where the metal can exhibit variable valency. e.g., Transition metal compounds. In the given options, an only metal which exhibits variable valency is Fe. So, FeO is the correct answer.

12. Answer : (b) hcp and ccp

Explanation: Packing efficiency for hcp and ccp is 74% and that of bcc is 68% and of simple cubic cell is 52.4%.

13. Answer : (c) The density of the crystal remains unchanged

Explanation: Because of the Frenkel defect, the density of ionic solids does not change. The Frenkel defect does not have any impact on the density of the solid as it involves the migration of the ions along with the crystal, hence having both the volume as well as mass. 

14. Answer : (c) some lattice sites are vacant

Explanation: Schottky defect is a type of point defect or imperfection in solids which is caused by a vacant position that is generated in a crystal lattice due to the atoms or ions moving out from the interior to the surface of the crystal.

15. Answer : (b) arsenic

Explanation: For germanium to be a N- type semiconductor, it should be doped with group 15 elements. This will lead to excess of electrons. In the given options, only element which belongs to group 15 is Arsenic.

16. Answer : (c) group 13 elements

Explanation: The n- type semiconductors are obtained when Si or Ge are doped with elements of group 15, eg, Arenic (As), while p-type semiconductors are obtained when Si or Ge are doped with traces of elements of group 13, ie indium (In), Boron (B).

17. Answer : (b) Low temperature

Explanation: At low temperature, substance exists in solid state due to low thermal energy and hence decreased molecular motion, which in turn leads to strong intermolecular cohesive i.e., forces, which hold the constituent particles together.

18. Answer : (b) CaF₂

Explanation: CaF₂ has AB₂ type structure in which Ca²⁺ ions have fcc arrangement and F^- ions are present in all the tetrahedral voids.

19. Answer : (b) 4

Explanation: The coordination number of Na in Na₂O is 4. Na⁺ ion is surrounded by four oxide ions and O^2- ion is surrounded by eight Na⁺ ions hence the coordination number of Na in Na₂O is 4.

20. Answer : (b) 12

Explanation: Coordination number is the number of nearest neighbor atoms or ions surrounding an atom or ion. For FCC and HCP systems, the coordination number is 12.

21. Answer : (b) Polymorphism

Explanation: The existence of a substance in more than one solid modification is known as polymorphism. For example, sulphur is a polymorphic substance, its two polymorphic forms are rhombic and orthorhombic sulphur.

22. Answer : (d) If both the Assertion and Reason are incorrect

Explanation: Only Schottky defects change the density of solids because anions or cations are missing and Frenkel defects have no change in density because they have same number of cations or anions, only change the position of ions.

23. Answer : (c) molecular solid

Explanation: Solid CH₄ is a molecular solid. In this, the constituent molecules are held together by vander Waal's forces.

24. Answer : (c) Diamond

Explanation: Diamond is called a network solid. Any chemical compound in which covalent bonds bond the atoms in a continuous network extending throughout the material is called network solid, or covalent network solid or atomic crystalline solids.

25. Answer : (a) Pyro-electricity

Explanation: Pyroelectric effect Some of the polar crystals when heated produce electric current. This phenomenon is called pyroelectricity or pyroelectric effect.

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