Answer:
1. Answer : (d) Equanil
Explanation : Meprobamate, which is sold as Equanil, is an anxiolytic carbamate analog. This was the best-selling mild tranquilizer for a time, which was eventually substituted by benzodiazepines because of their larger clinical index and reduced occurrence of harmful side effects.
2. Answer : (c) aspartame
Explanation : Aspartame is the only artificial sweetener which is stable at lower temperature and decomposes at higher temperature and also called Nutra sweet and relative sweetness value is 180.
3. Answer : (b) antiseptic
Explanation : Bithionol is generally added to the soaps as an additive to function as an antiseptic as it helps to reduce the odour produced by bacterial decomposition of organic matter on the skin. Bithionol is bis-dichlorophenol, and it is structurally similar to hexachlorophene.
4. Answer : (a) antiseptic
Explanation : Antiseptic medicine is used on the outer surface of the body part.Thus, the mixture of chloroxylenol and terpineol acts as antiseptic. Hence, the correct option for this question is A that is antiseptic.
5. Answer : (a) antagonists
Explanation : Drugs that bind to the receptor site and inhibit its natural function are called antagonists. These are useful when blocking of message is required.
6. Answer : (c) Sucralose
Explanation : The artificial sweetener containing chlorine that has the appearance and taste as that of sugar and is stable at cooking temperature is sucralose.Sucralose is derived from sugar through a multi-step patented manufacturing process that selectively substitutes three atoms of chlorine for three hydroxyl groups on the sugar molecule. This change produces a sweetener that has no calories, yet is 600 times sweeter than sucrose.
7. Answer : (a) ofloxacin
Explanation : Ofloxacin, Penicillin, Aminoglycosides are bactericidal antibiotics. They kill bacteria. Tetracycline, Chloramphenicol and Erythromycin are bacteriostatic antibiotics. They inhibit growth of bacteria.
8. Answer : (a) food preservative
Explanation : Sodium benzoate is commonly used as a preservative in cosmetics and personal care items, such as hair products, baby wipes, toothpaste, and mouthwash . It also has industrial uses.
9. Answer : (d) Histamines
Explanation : Once the allergen binds to IgE, specific types of cells — including mast cells — will release chemicals that trigger the symptoms of the allergic reaction. Histamine is one of these chemicals. It causes the muscles in the airways and walls of the blood vessels to tighten.
10. Answer : (c) N-acety 1-para-aminophenol
Explanation : N- acetyl p-amino (paracetamol) can be used as analgesic without addition and modification.
11. Answer : (a) Narcotic
Explanation : Although some narcotics like codeine and morphine are legal if prescribed for pain relief, heroin is an illegal narcotic because it has dangerous side effects and is very addictive.
12. Answer : (a) Chloramphenicol
Explanation : The main examples of broad spectrum antibiotics in humans are tetracycline, ofloxacin and chloramphenicol. Chloramphenicol is found to be rapidly absorbed from the gastro-intestinal tract and hence can be given orally in case of typhoid, pneumonia and dysentery.
13. Answer : (a) Para acetamidophenol
Explanation : Acetamidophenol is an antipyretic as well as analgesic drug. It lowers body temperature as well as is used to get relief from pain. It is commonly known by the name of paracetamol.
14. Answer : (c) Use of natural reagent for therapeutic effect
Explanation : Treatment that uses drugs to stop the growth of cancer cells, either by killing the cells or by stopping them from dividing. Chemotherapy may be given by mouth, injection, or infusion, or on the skin, depending on the type and stage of the cancer being treated.
15. Answer : (b) Competitive Inhibitors
Explanation : Drugs inhibit the attachment of substrate on active site of enzymes in different ways Drugs compete with the natural substrate for their attachment on the active sites of enzymes. Such drugs are called competitive inhibitors.
16. Answer : (b) Antihistamines
Explanation : Antihistamines are medicines often used to relieve symptoms of allergies, such as hay fever, hives, conjunctivitis and reactions to insect bites or stings. They're also sometimes used to prevent motion sickness and as a short-term treatment for insomnia.
17. Answer : (b) Antifertility
Explanation : An antifertility drug is a chemical substance which helps in suppressing the hormonal actions which promote fertility in women. These drugs reduce the chances of fertility by acting as protection.
18. Answer : (c) Syphilis
Explanation : Arsphenamine, also known as Salvarsan or compound 606, is a drug that was introduced at the beginning of the 1910s as the first effective treatment for syphilis and African trypanosomiasis. This organoarsenic compound was the first modern antimicrobial agent.
19. Answer : (a) Anxiety, stress, irritability
Explanation : Benzodiazepines are prescribed to treat anxiety, insomnia, seizures, muscle spasms, agitation, alcohol withdrawal,stress, irritability and panic attacks.
20. Answer : (c) 2-3% Iodine solution in alcohol-water
Explanation : Tincture of iodine, iodine tincture, or weak iodine solution is an antiseptic. It is usually 2 to 7% elemental iodine, along with potassium iodide or sodium iodide, dissolved in a mixture of ethanol and water. Tincture solutions are characterized by the presence of alcohol.
21. Answer : (c) Adrenaline
Explanation : Adrenaline hormones in creases pulse rate and controls blood pressure. It releases glucose from liver glycogen and fatty acids from fats in emergency
22. Answer : (b) Vitamins
Explanation : The organic compounds other than carbohydrates, proteins which maintain normal growth and nutrition in the human body (but not produced in human body) are called vitamins.
23. Answer : (b) penicillin G
Explanation : Benzylpenicillin (Penicillin G) is a narrow spectrum antibiotic used for the treatment of susceptible bacterial infections.
24. Answer : (b) Valium
Explanation : Valium is a tranquilizer drug. It is mainly used to treat anxiety, insomnia, and symptoms of acute alcohol withdrawal. It acts by enhancing the effects of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) in the brain.
25. Answer : (b) virus
Explanation : Interferon, any of several related proteins that are produced by the body's cells as a defensive response to viruses.
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