Question

Starting from the hydrocarbon butane, write the structures and IUPAC names of (i) Chloroderivative(ii) alcohol (iii) aldehyde (iv) carboxylic acid (v) amine (vi) ketone.

Answer 1

The molecular formula of butane is `C_(4)H_(10)` and its structural formula is `CH_(3)-CH_(2)-CH_(2)-CH_(3)`.
(i) `underset("1-Chlorobutane")(overset(4)(C)H_(3)-overset(3)(C)H_(2)-overset(2)(C)H_(2)-overset(1)(C)H_(2)-Cl)`
(ii) `underset("Butane-1-ol")(overset(4)(C)H_(3)-overset(3)(C)H_(2)-overset(2)(C)H_(2)-overset(1)(C)H_(2)-OH)`
(iii) `underset("Butanal")(overset(4)(C)H_(3)-overset(3)(C)H_(2)-overset(2)(C)H_(2)-overset(1)(C)HO)`
(iv) `underset("Butanoic acid")(overset(4)(C)H_(3)-overset(3)(C)H_(2)-overset(2)(C)H_(2)-overset(O)overset(||)(.^(1)(C))-OH)`
(v) `underset("Butane-1-amine")(overset(4)(C)H_(3)-overset(3)(C)H_(2)-overset(2)(C)H_(2)-overset(1)(C)H_(2)-NH_(2))`
(vi) `underset("Butanone")(CH_(3)-overset(O)overset(||)(C)-CH_(2)-CH_(3))`