(a) Every bodies in the universe attract each other. This attractive force is directly proportional to the product of their masses and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between them.
(b) \(F\propto\,\frac{m_1m_2}{d^2}\)
\(F=\,\frac{G. m_1m_2}{d^2}\)
(c) m1 m2 – Mass of the bodies
d – Distance between the objects
F – Gravitational force
G – Gravitational constant
(d) Mass increases gravitational force increases Distance increases gravitational force decreases.