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Write the commercial cultivation of marigold with respect to soil and climate, varieties, propagation method, planting distance, major insects, pests and diseases.

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Commercial cultivation of marigold:

Soil: Marigold can be cultivated in a wide variety of soils. A deep fertile, friable soil having good water holding capacity and aeration is suitable for its cultivation. Sandy loam soil with a pH of 7.0-7.5 having good drainage is most preferred.

Climate: The environmental conditions markedly influence the growth and flowering of marigold. Mild temperature during growing period greatly improved flowering.

Climate: The environmental conditions markedly influence the growth and flowering of marigold. Mild temperature during growing period greatly improved flowering.

Propagation method: Mostly through seeds and in some varieties by cuttings.

Planting distance: Generally distance between rows is kept 45-60 cm and from plant to plant it is 30-45 cm.

Insect pests: Red spider mite, hairy caterpillars and leaf hoppers 

Diseases: Damping off, Leaf spots and blight, flower bud rot and viral diseases.

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