Question

Complete the following table
(b) Which of the sets of hybridised orbitals `sp sp^(2),sp^(3),dsp^(3),d^(2),sp^(3),sp^(3)d^(2)` do (does) not maximise the angles between electron pairs ?
(c ) Fluorine molecule is formed by the overlap of __
(d) Predict the shapes of the following species and desribe the type of hybrid orbitals on the central atom
(i) `PbCI_(4)`, (ii) `N_(2)CI_(4)` ,(iii) `PCI_(3)` ,(iv) `BH_(4)^(Θ), (v) SbF_(6)^(Θ)`
(e) How many `sigma` and `pi` bonds are present in a benzene molecule ? .

Answer 1

(i) sp (ii) Square planar (iii) `dsp^(3)`
(iv) `d^(2) sp^(3)` or `sp^(3) d^(2)`
(v) Trigonal planar
(b) The `sp^(3)` d hybrids have `90^(@)` and `120^(@)` angles Rearrangement of bond angles could produce angles greater that `90^(@)` but at the expenes of the highly symmetrical structure
(c ) Overlap of p-p orbitals
(d) (i) Tetrahedral `sp^(3)`
(ii) Two pyramidal N-atoms with `sp^(3)` hybridisation on each, yield a non-planar molecule
(iii) Pyramidal `sp^(3)` (a lone pair occupies the fourth) tetrahedral position) (iv) Tetrahedral `sp^(3)`
(v) Octahedral `sp^(3)` `d^(2)` (e) `12sigma` and `3pi` bonds .