Read of the following passage giving the role of `CO_(2)` buffer in controlling pH of blood. The importance of pH maintance in Blood. Maintenance of the pH in blood and intracellur fluids is absolutely crucial to the processes the occur in living ogranisms. This is primarily because the functioning of enzymes-catalysts for these processe- is sharply pH dependent. The normal pH value of blood plasma i `7.4`. Severe illness or dear can result from subtained variations fo a few tenths of pH unit.
Among the factors that lead to a condition of acidosis, in which there is decreas in the pH of blood are heart failure, kidney failure, diabetis mellitus, persistent diarroheoa or a long term high protein diet, temporary condition acidosis may result from proglonged, intensive in ph of blood, may several factors are involved in the control of the pH of blood. A particularly important one is the ratio of
dissolved , ` OH_(3)^(-)` to `H_(2)CO_(3).CO_(2)(g)` is moderarately soluble in water and in aqeous solution reactns only a limilated extent to product `H_(2)CrO_(3)`
`CO_(2) + H_(2)O hArr H_(2)CO_(3(aq))`
`H_(2)CO_(3) + H_(2)O hArr HCO_(3)^(-) + H_(3)O^(+) , pK_(al) = 6.11`
`HCO_(3)^(-) + H_(2)O hArr CO_(3)^(2-) + H_(3)O^(+), pK_(a2) = 10.25`
In the `H_(2)CO_(3), HCO_(3)^(-)` buffer system we deal only with the first ionisation step `(K_(al)) H_(2)CO_(3)` is a wear acid and `HCO_(3)^(-)` is the conjugate base (salt). `CO_(2)` enters the blood from issues as the by product metabolic reaction. In lungs, `CO_(2)(g)` is exchanged for `O_(2)(g)`, which is transported throughout the body the blood.
The pH of blood system is maintained by a proper balance of `H_(2)CO_(3)` and `NaHCO_(2)` concentration. The volume of `5M NaHCO_(3)` solution should be mixed with a `10 m` sample of blood which is `2M` in `H_(2)CO_(3)` order to maitain its pH
A. `40 mL`
B. `38 mL`
C. `50 mL`
D. `78 mL`
