Internal energy : It is defined as the total energy constituting potential energy and kinetic energy of the molecules present in the system.
Explanation :
- The internal energy of a system is a state function and thermodynamic function. It is denoted by U.
- Its value depends on the state of a system.
- The change in internal energy (ΔU) depends only on the initial state and the final state of the system. Δ U = U – U
- It is an extensive property of the system.
- It has same unit as heat and work.
- Total internal energy U of the system is, Total energy = Potential energy + Kinetic energy
