Properties and uses of sodium chloride:
- Common salt is a colourless and crystalline ionic compound. There is no water of crystallization in its crystalline structure.
- It is a neutral salt, salty in taste.
- This compound is used for the production of salts like Na2CO3 , NaHCO3.
- When an electric current is passed through a saturated solution of sodium chloride (brine), it is electrolysed and hydrogen gas is released at the cathode while chlorine gas is released at the anode.
- This method is used for production of chlorine gas. In this method an important basic compound NaOH is formed in the cell.
2NaCl + 2H2O → 2NaOH + Cl2 ↑ + H2 ↑
- When salt is heated to a high temperature (about 800 °C), it melts. This is called the fused state of the salt.
- When fused salt is electrolysed, chlorine gas is released at the anode and liquid sodium metal, at the cathode.