i. Let the number be x.
∴ x + 3 represents the sum of a certain number x and 3.
ii. Let the number be x.
∴ x – 11 represents the number obtained by subtracting 11 from another number x.
iii. Let the number be x.
∴ 15x represents the product of 15 and another number x.
iv. Let the number be x.
∴ 4x = 24 represents four the product of a number x four times.