Account for the following : Cu^+ is unstable in an aqueous solution.

Question

Account for the following :

(a) Cu⁺ is unstable in an aqueous solution.

(b) Transition metals form complex compounds.

Answer 1

(a) Because Cu⁺ undergoes disproportionation as 2Cu⁺ → Cu + Cu²⁺ Hydiation enthalpy of Cu²⁺ is higher than that of Cu⁺ which Compensates the I.E.₂ of cu involved in the formation of Cu²⁺ ions.

(b)Because of small size of metal, high ionic charge and availability of vacant d-orbital.