Two types of gonads present in human beings are female gonads and male gonads.
Female gonads
• A pair of ovaries forms the gonads in female.
• Ovaries are the female sex organs that lie one on either side of the abdominal cavity. Ovaries produce two hormones, namely, oestrogen and progesterone.
• Oestrogen controls the changes that occur during puberty, like feminine voice, soft skin and development in mammary glands.
• Progesterone controls the uterine changes in the menstrual cycle, and helps in the maintenance of pregnancy.
Male gonads
• A pair of testes forms the gonads in males.
• A pair of testes is the male sex organ located in the scrotum, which is outside the abdomen.
• Testes produce the hormone testosterone.
• Testosterone controls the changes, which occur during puberty, like deeper voice, development of penis, facial and body hair.
