Three basic reference planes are used in Anatomy: They are:
(a) Sagital plane: It is perpendicular to the ground and divides the body into left and right. The medial plane is in the midline i.e.,it would pass through the midline structures (e.g. navel or spine), and other sagital planes are parallel to it.
(b) Coronal or frontal plane: It is perpendicular to the ground and divides the body into dorsal (posterior) and Ventral (anterior) portions.
(c) Transverse plane: It is also known as axial plane or cross section, divides the body into cranial (head) and caudal (tail) portions. It is parallel to the ground, which separates the superior from the inferior.
