DAYOFMONTH( ) returns the day of the month for a given date in the range 1 to 3).
DAYOFWEEK ( ) returns the week day number (1 for Sunday, 2 for Monday .....).
DAYOFYEAR ( ) returns a number stating the no. of days passed so far.
(eg)
1. SELECT DAYOFMONTH ('2016-05-31',) 31
2. SELECT DAYOFWEEK ('2016-05-31') 3
3. SELECT DAYOFYEAR ('2016-05-31') 152. (31 + 29 + 31 + 30 + 31)