In your brain, there are cells other than neurons that reside which are called neuroglia (which means “nerve glue."), also they possess cell divison. They also actually greatly outnumber neurons, and they help to support, nourish, and protect neurons.
Though, there are many types of neuroglia, some in your central nervous system (the brain and spinal cord), and in your peripheral nervous system (the rest of your nervous system). As here is the discussion about the brain so we talk about CNS (Central Nervous System).
1. Astrocytes- These are the most abundant, and connect neurons to capillaries thus, help form the blood-brain-barrier,
2. Microglial cells- They are protective and helps to monitor the neurons. They are also phagocytes, in other words, they clean up debris by eating it.
3. Oligodendrocytes- Around the axons of neurons these cells create myelin sheaths. They protect the axons and help the messages speed up. Their sister cells are called Schwann cells, which are in the peripheral nervous system.
4. Ependymal Cells- Ciliated and non-ciliated are the two types of Ependymal cells. Non-ciliated ependymal cells create cerebrospinal fluid, whereas the ciliated cells beat the fluid so it circulates. Both types line cavities to form a barrier.
All the above-mentioned cells can be cancerous and can cause brain cancer as each has the ability to divide
