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Assertion : Rate of hydrolysis of methyl chloride to methanol is higher in DMF than in water. 

Reason : Hydrolysis of methyl chloride follows second order kinetics.

(a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A

(b) Both A and R are true but R is not correct explanation of A

(c) A is true but R is false

(d) A and R are false

1 Answer

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Best answer

The correct option is (a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.

Explanation:

Hydrolysis of methyl chloride to methanol follows SN2 reaction. The rates of many SN2 reactions are affected by the solvent. Protic solvents are those that contain - OH or - NH2 group, are generally the worst solvents for SN2. Polar protic solvents, (like water, alcohols and carboxylic acids), which have strong dipoles but don't have - OH or - NH2 groups are the best. In contrast to protic solvents, which decrease the rates of SN2 reactants by lowering the ground state energy of nucleophile, polar aprotic solvents (DMF) increase the rates of SN2 reactions by raising the ground state energy of nucleophile.

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