Question

Which one of the following statements is correct regarding integrated circuit fabrication?
1. IC offers increased reliability, improved performance, high speed and lower power consumption.
2. IC is a miniature, low cost electronic circuit fabricated on a multi crystal chip of silicon.
3. IC is a miniature, high cost electronic circuit fabricated on a multi crystal chip of sliicon.
4. IC offers decreased reliability, improved performance, low speed and higher power consumption.
5.

Answer 1

Correct Answer - Option 1 : IC offers increased reliability, improved performance, high speed and lower power consumption.

The major advantages of integrated circuits over those made by interconnecting discrete components are as follows :

1. Extremely small size –Thousands of times smaller than discrete circuits. It is because of the fabrication of various circuit elements in a single chip of semiconductor material.
2. Very low cost because of simultaneous production of hundreds of similar circuits on a small semiconductor wafer. Owing to mass production of an IC costs as much as an individual transistor.
3. More reliable because of the elimination of soldered joints and the need for fewer interconnections.
4. Lower power consumption because of their smaller size.
5. Easy replacement as it is more economical to replace them than to repair them.
6. Increased operating speed because of an absence of parasitic capacitance effect.
7. Close matching of components and temperature coefficients because of bulk production in batches.
8. Improved functional performance as more complex circuits can be fabricated for achieving better characteristics.
9. Greater ability to operate at extreme temperatures.
10. Suitable for small signal operation because of no chance of stray electrical pickup as various components of an IC are located very close to each other on a silicon wafer.