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Match List I with List-II and select the correct answer using the codes given below the list.

List I

List II

  1. Factor to decrease ultimate strength to design strength
  1. Lower bound on ultimate load
  1. Factor to increase working load to ultimate load for design
  1. Upper bound on ultimate load
  1. Static method of ultimate load analysis
  1. Load factor
  1. Kinematical mechanism method of ultimate load analysis
  1. Material partial safety factor

1. (a) - 2, (b) - 1, (c) - 4, (d) – 3
2. (a) - 4, (b) - 3, (c) - 2, (d) – 1
3. (a) - 3, (b) - 4, (c) - 1, (d) – 2
4. (a) - 4, (b) - 3, (c) - 1, (d) – 2
5.

1 Answer

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Best answer
Correct Answer - Option 4 : (a) - 4, (b) - 3, (c) - 1, (d) – 2

Explanation:

Kinematical mechanism method of ultimate load analysis:

It states that collapse is formed by assuming a mechanism will always be greater than or equal to true collapse load. i.e. P ≥ Pu.

It satisfies the equilibrium and mechanism conditions.

It is called the Upper bound theorem as it gives upper limit of the true collapse load.

Static method of ultimate load analysis:

It states that collapse load found on the basis of any collapse bending moment diagram will be less than or equal to true collapse load. i.e. P ≤ Pu.

It satisfies the Equilibrium and Yield conditions.

It is called Lower bound theorem as it gives lower limit of the true collapse load.

Load factor:

It is the factor used to increase the working load to account for the effect of various uncertainties in working load calculation. It is given as

Design load = Load factor × Working load

Factor of safety:

It is the factor used to reduce the ultimate strength of material so that more safety may be ensured while designing a structure.

Design strength = Ultimate strength/FOS 

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