Question

Consider the following statements:

1. Precision shows how close the measured value is to the true value of the quantity.
2. Instrumental errors and personal errors are the sources of random errors.
3. Random errors are random with respect to the sign and shape of the quantity.
4. Absolute error is the magnitude of difference between individual value and the true value of the quantity

Which of the above statements are correct.

1. 1), 3) and 4) only
2. 2) only
3. 3) and 4) only
4. 3) only
5.

Answer 1

Correct Answer - Option 3 : 3) and 4) only

CONCEPT:

• Error: It is the Uncertainty in measurement by any measuring instrument.
• Error in measurements can be broadly classified as

1. Systematic errors
2. Random errors.

• Systematic errors are those that tend to be in one direction, either positive or negative.
• Random errors are those errors that occur irregularly and are random with respect to sign and shape.
• Absolute error is the magnitude of difference between individual value and the true value of the quantity
• Precision: It tells us to what resolution or limit can a quantity be measured.

EXPLANATION:

•  The accuracy of measurement shows how close the measured value is to the true value of the quantity. Precision actually tells us to what resolution or limit can a quantity be measured.
• Instrumental errors and personal errors are the sources of systematic errors. The other source is an imperfection in experimental technique or procedure.
• Random errors are those errors that occur irregularly and are random with respect to sign and shape.
• Absolute error is the magnitude of difference between individual value and the true value of the quantity