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The famous agraharas of Karnataka are _________ .
1. Nagavi, Lakkundi, Salotagi, Hariharapura
2. Hampi, Belur, Mysore, Magadi
3. Badami, Bijapura, Nalanda, Vikramashila
4. Kadiyuru, Sravanabelagola, Vengi, Kalyana

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Correct Answer - Option 1 : Nagavi, Lakkundi, Salotagi, Hariharapura

The correct answer is Nagavi, Lakkundi, Salotagi, Hariharapura.

  • Agraharas
    • Agraharas were exclusive townships founded by kings, queens, big officers, and philanthropic rich men to further the cause of education.
    • Scholars were invited and were made to settle at these places by donating them with land for their living.
    • Although the Agraharas consisted of Brahmin settlements, others also used to live there. Otherwise, they would live in the nearby hamlets, known as Kaluvallis, carved out of the land donated for scholars, who were known as Mahajanas.
    • The famous agraharas of Karnataka are Nagavi, Lakkundi, Salotagi, Hariharapura. Hence, Option 1 is correct.
    • Agraharas were centers of higher learning, and the Brahmins living there were expected to pursue with earnestness, the Shatkarmas (Yajana, Yaajana, Adhyayana, Adhyaapana, Daana, and Pratigraha) and master the fourteen branches of learning, starting with the Vedas.
    • Such Agraharas could be found all over the country. The word Agrahara connotes the settlement of scholars. Ghatikasthanas were examination centres for the candidates trained in these Agraharas. Gadag, Lakshmeshwara, Potteyuru, Kotumachigi, and others had such Ghatikasthanas. They used to house Traipurusha temples.
    • While the Agraharas were exclusive settlements for Brahmins, Brahmapuris were rows of houses of scholars doing the same duties as the Brahmins of the Agraharas. Mutts were established in the vicinity of temples, where both the teacher and the taught lived together. One of the Brahmins among those who lived in the Agrahara would be appointed on .akkariga vritti. to teach young children.
    • Those Agraharas, which were established when Shaivism became dominant, came to be known as Shivapuris. After the advent of Veerashaivism, there was a prolific establishment of Mutts, which became centers of Primary Education. Such Mutts were in existence even at the beginning of this century. Apart from these, there were private teaching centers, which were known as Odisuva Mutt, Kooli Mutt, and Sali Mutt.

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