Concept:
True strain (ϵT) = \(\ln\left(\frac{A_o}{A_i}\right)=\ln\left(\frac{l_i}{l_o}\right)\)
ϵT = \(\ln\left ( \frac{d_o}{d_i} \right )^2=2\ln\left ( \frac{d_o}{d_i} \right )\)
Calculation:
Given:
do = 5 mm, di = 2 mm
Then,
ϵT = \(2\ln\left ( \frac{d_o}{d_i} \right )=2\ln\left ( \frac{5}{2} \right )=1.832\)