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The Climate Change Agreement aimed at stabilizing greenhouse gas levels in the atmosphere adopted in 1997 is called:
1. Kyoto Protocol
2. Montreal Protocol
3. Rio Protocol
4. Agenda 21

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Correct Answer - Option 1 : Kyoto Protocol

The correct answer is Kyoto Protocol.

  • The Kyoto Protocol is an international environmental treaty with the goal of stabilization of greenhouse gas concentrations in the atmosphere at a level that would prevent dangerous anthropogenic interference with the climate system.
  • The Kyoto Protocol was adopted in Kyoto, Japan, on 11 December 1997 and came into force on 16 February 2005.
  • The first commitment period of protocol started in 2008 and ended in 2012. All 36 countries that fully participated in the first commitment period complied with the Protocol.
  • A second commitment period was agreed to in 2012 to extend the agreement to 2020, known as the Doha Amendment to the Kyoto Protocol, in which 37 countries had binding targets.

  • The Montreal Protocol, finalized in 1987, is a global agreement to protect the stratospheric ozone layer by phasing out the production and consumption of ozone-depleting substances (ODS).
    • The Montreal Protocol phases down the consumption and production of the different ODS in a step-wise manner, with different timetables for developed and developing countries.
    • The Protocol includes provisions related to Control Measures, Calculation of control levels, Control of trade with non-Parties, Special situation of developing countries, Reporting of data, Non-compliance, Technical assistance, as well as other topics.
  • The Protocol of Peace, Friendship, and Boundaries between Peru and Ecuador, or Rio Protocol, was an international agreement signed in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, on January 29, 1942, by Peru and Ecuador.
    • The Protocol was intended to finally resolve the long-running territorial dispute between the two countries and brought about the official end of the Ecuadorian-Peruvian War of 1941–1942.
  • Agenda 21 is a non-binding UN resolution proposal, a global guide designed to encourage, not mandate, nations to pursue conservation, sustainable green growth, and land use development efforts.
    • It was declared in the Earth Summit held in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, in 1992.
    • Its aim initially was to achieve global sustainable development by 2000.

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