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The estrogen and androgen hormones which regulate sexual development and function are structurally related to:
1. Beta carotene
2. Ethanol
3. Adrenaline
4. Cholesterol

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Correct Answer - Option 4 : Cholesterol

The correct answer is Cholesterol.

  • The estrogen and androgen hormones that regulate sexual development and function are structurally related to Cholesterol.
  • Cholesterol and sex steroid hormones including androgens and estrogens play a critical role in the development and progression of urological diseases such as prostate cancer.
  • This disease remains the most commonly diagnosed malignant tumor in men and is the leading cause of death from different cancers.

  • A pair of the testis is present in the scrotal sac (outside abdomen) of male individuals.
  • Testis performs dual functions as a primary sex organ as well as an endocrine gland.
  • Testis produces a group of hormones called androgens, mainly testosterone.
  • Androgens play a major stimulatory role in the process of spermatogenesis (formation of spermatozoa).
  • Females have a pair of ovaries located in the abdomen.
  • The ovary is the primary female sex organ that produces one ovum during each menstrual cycle.
  • Ovary also produces two groups of steroid hormones called estrogen and progesterone.
  • The estrogen is synthesized and secreted mainly by the growing ovarian follicles.
  • Ruptured follicle is converted to a structure called corpus luteum, which secretes mainly progesterone.
  • Estrogen - produce wide-ranging actions such as stimulation of growth and activities of female secondary sex organs, development of growing ovarian follicles, the appearance of female secondary sex characters (e.g., the high pitch of voice, etc.), mammary gland development.
  • Estrogens also regulate female sexual behavior. 
  • Progesterone - supports pregnancy also acts on the mammary glands and stimulates the formation of alveoli.

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