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Which of the following committee made a recommendation that election commission should be a three member body?
1. Tarkunde Committee
2. Ashok Mehta Committee
3. Jeevan Reddy Committee
4. None of the above

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Correct Answer - Option 1 : Tarkunde Committee

The correct answer is Tarkunde Committee.

  • Tarkunde Committee (1975)
    • It is also known as J.P. Committee.
    • Jayprakash Narayan on behalf of the Citizens For Democracy had appointed a committee to study and report on a scheme for electoral reforms in 1974.
    • The committee consisted of V.M. Tarkunde, M.R. Masai, etc.
    • Recommendations:
      • The election commission should be a three-member body.
      • The minimum age of voting should be 18 years.
      • The TV and radio should be placed under the control of an autonomous statutory corporation.
      • A voter’s council should be formed in as many constituencies as possible which can help in a free and fair election.

  •  Ashok Mehta Committee
    • It was appointed in 1977 to suggest measures to revive and strengthen the declining Panchayati Raj system in India.
    • Recommendations:
      • Replace the three-tier system with a two-tier system: Zila Parishad (district level) and the Mandal Panchayat (a group of villages).
      • The district-level should be the first level of supervision after the state level.
      • Zila Parishad should be the executive body and responsible for planning at the district level.
      • The institutions (Zila Parishad and the Mandal Panchayat) should have compulsory taxation powers to mobilise their own financial resources.
  • Jeevan Reddy Committee
    • It was a five-member committee appointed in November 2004 to review the provisions of the AFSPA act in the northeastern states.
    • Recommendations:
      • AFSPA should be repealed and appropriate provisions should be inserted in the Unlawful Activities (Prevention) Act, 1967.
      • The Unlawful Activities Act should be modified to clearly specify the powers of the armed forces and paramilitary forces.
      • Grievance cells should be set up in each district where the armed forces are deployed.
  • Armed Forces (Special Powers) Act, 1958 (AFSPA)
    • It was enacted in 1958 to bring under control the ‘disturbed areas’.
    • The Act empowers the Governor/Administrator of state/UT to declare an area as ‘disturbed.
    • Once declared, the region has to maintain the status quo for a minimum of three months (according to The Disturbed Areas (Special Courts) Act, 1976).
    • It can be invoked in places where the use of armed forces in aid of civil power is necessary.
    • It gives power to the Army and Central forces deployed in “disturbed areas” to search premises and arrest without warrant, to use force even to the extent of causing death.
    • It also gives immunity to security forces in carrying out various operations and provides cover to forces from prosecution and legal suits without the Centre’s sanction.

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