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Match List I with List II and select the correct answer using the code given below the lists : 

List I List II
A. Hot wire 1. Gas flow
B. LVDT 2. Displacement
C. Piezoelectric 3. Current
D. Hall effect  4. Acceleration

 


1. A - 1, B - 4, C - 2. D - 3
2. A - 3, B - 4, C - 2, D - 1
3. A - 1, B - 2, C - 4, D - 3
4. A - 3, B - 2, C - 4, D - 1

1 Answer

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Best answer
Correct Answer - Option 3 : A - 1, B - 2, C - 4, D - 3

A. Hot Wire - Gas Flow

B. LVDT - Displacement

C. Piezoelectric - Acceleration

D. Hall effect - Current

Hot-wire meter:

  • It is a type of passive transducer based on resistive variation type.
  • It measures the local instantaneous velocity based on the principles of heat transfer.
  • It can be used to measure three components of velocity and velocity fluctuations arising in the turbulent flow.
  • A hot-wire probe is used in gas flows, while a hot-film is used for liquid flow.

 

LVDT (Linear Variable Differential Transformer):

  • LVDT (Linear Variable Differential Transformer) is to convert the rectangular movement of an object to the equivalent electrical signal.
  • LVDT is used to calculate displacement and works on the transformer principle.
  • The LVDT alters a linear dislocation from a mechanical position into a relative electrical signal including phase and amplitude of the information of direction and distance.
  • The working principle of the linear variable differential transformer or LVDT working theory is mutual induction; The dislocation is nonelectrical energy that is changed into electrical energy.​​

Piezoelectric Transducer:

  • It is an electrical transducer that can convert any form of physical quantity into an electrical signal, which can be used for measurement.
  • Crystals made from quartz took are used as a primary material for piezoelectric crystal transducers. These crystalline materials exhibit the property of piezoelectricity, according to which, on the application of any type of mechanical stress or strain it leads to the generation of an electric voltage proportional to the applied stress.

 

Hall effect:

Whenever we place a current-carrying conductor in a magnetic field, there is a deflection of the charge carriers due to the influence of the magnetic field in the conductor body. This phenomenon is known as the Hall effect.

Mainly Lorentz force is responsible for the Hall effect. When we place a current-carrying conductor inside a magnetic field, the conductor experiences a mechanical force to a direction depending upon the direction of the magnetic field and the direction of current in the conductor.

In metal, it is entirely due to the flow of electrons whereas in semiconductors it is due to the flow of free electrons as well as holes.

Applications:

Hall effect is a very useful phenomenon and helps to

  • Determine the type of semiconductor
  • Calculate the carrier concentration
  • Determine the mobility (hall mobility)
  • Measure magnetic flux density

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