Correct Answer - Option 1 : Pauli's principle
The correct option is Pauli's principle
Concept:
Quantum Numbers: Quantum numbers are a certain set of numbers for an electron that signifies its position and energy.
The different quantum numbers for electron are
Principle Quantum Number |
It signifies the principle orbital starting from n = 0. For example, the quantum number for K shell is 1, L is 2. |
Azimuthal Quantum Number |
It signifies the number of subshells in a given quantum Number. The different subshells are represented by s, p, d, f. |
Magnetic Quantum Number |
The motion of electrons produces a magnetic field that is signified by magnetic quantum number m. The number of magnetic quantum number is denoted as 2l +1, l is sub shell level. For s, l =0, p l =2, and so on. |
Spin Quantum Number |
The electron in an orbit revolves around the nucleus and spins on its axis. This represented by a spin quantum number. For two electrons in the same orbit, the direction of spin is opposite to each other. |
- In an orbital, only two electrons can be present, both will be having opposite spins, and hence different spin quantum
- So, for two electrons in the same orbit, principle, azimuthal and spin quantum numbers can be the same, but the spin quantum number cannot be the same.
- Therefore, Pauli's principle states "No two electrons in an atom can have the same set of all the four quantum numbers"
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Heisenberg's principle says it is impossible to predict the exact momentum and position of an electron in an atom at the same time.
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Hund's rule states the lowest electronic configuration state has the maximum number of parallelly spinning electrons.
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Aufbau principle: It states that electrons are filled in orbits according to the increasing order of the energy of the orbit.