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Variation traced in the product because of error in setting jigs and fixture are treated as :
1. Assignable cause
2. Chance cause
3. None of above
4. Can be treated in any category

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Correct Answer - Option 1 : Assignable cause

Explanation:

The chances in the quality of product in any manufacturing process is broadly classifieds into two types.

  • Assignable cause
  • Chance cause

Chance Cause

Assignable Cause

These are the causes which are inherit in manufacturing process by virtue of operational and constructional features of the equipment involved in a manufacturing process.

These are the causes which creates ordinary variation in the production quality.

Examples:

  • Machine vibrations.
  • Voltage variations.

 

Examples:

  • Lack of skill in operation.
  • Wrong maintenance practice.
  • Error in setting jigs and fixtures.
  • Raw material defects.

They are difficult to trace and difficult to control, even under best condition of production.

Variation due to theses causes can be controlled before the defective items are produced.

The chance cause results in only a minute amount of variation in process.

Any one assignable cause can result in a large amount of variation in process.

Variation in chances causes is due to internal factors only and they follow a stable statistical distribution (normal distribution).

Variation in assignable causes is due to external factors and they do not follow stable distribution.

Variation within the control limits means only random causes are present.

Variation exceeds the control limit and process needs to be investigated.

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