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Which Indian state is the leading cotton producer?
1. Maharashtra
2. Gujarat
3. Karnataka
4. Odisha

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Best answer
Correct Answer - Option 2 : Gujarat

Solution: The correct answer is Gujarat.

  • Gujarat is the largest cotton producing state in India with a production of 125 Lakh Bales.
  • The state accounts for more than 31% of the total cotton production in the country and cotton is grown in more than 30 Lakh Hectares of land.
  • The presence of Black Soil and an annual rainfall of 80-100 cm, makes Gujarat a positive region for cotton production. A number of the key cotton-producing regions of Gujarat are Bharuch, Vadodara, Panchmahal, Mehsana, Ahmedabad, and Surendranagar.
  • Due to the large production of cotton, Gujarat could be a centre of textile industries within the country. There are quite 100 textile companies in Gujarat and a few of the most important textile companies are Arvind Mills, Ashima Group and Raymond.
  • Gossypiumarboreum, herbaceum (Asian cotton), G.barbadense (Egyptian cotton) and G.hirsutum (American Upland cotton) are the four species of cotton grown in India. 
  • Gossypiumhirsutum represents 88% of the hybrid cotton production in India and every one this Bt cotton hybrids are G.hirsutuim. In India, majority of the
    cotton production comes from nine major cotton growing states, which are grouped into three diverse agro-ecological zones, as under:-

i) Northern Zone - Punjab, Haryana and Rajasthan
ii) Central Zone - Gujarat, Maharashtra and Madhya Pradesh
iii) Southern Zone - Telangana, state and Karnataka.

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