Correct Answer - Option 4 : Belady's Anomaly
Bounded Buffer Problem
This problem is generalized in terms of the Producer-Consumer problem, where a finite buffer pool is used to exchange messages between producer and consumer processes. Because the buffer pool has a maximum size, this problem is often called the Bounded buffer problem.
Dining Philosophers Problem
The dining philosopher's problem involves the allocation of limited resources to a group of processes in a deadlock-free and starvation-free manner.
There are five philosophers sitting around a table, in which there are five chopsticks/forks kept beside them and a bowl of rice in the center, When a philosopher wants to eat, he uses two chopsticks - one from their left and one from their right. When a philosopher wants to think, he keeps down both chopsticks at their original place.
The Readers Writers Problem
In this problem, there are some processes(called readers) that only read the shared data, and never change it, and there are other processes(called writers) who may change the data in addition to reading, or instead of reading it.
Belady's anomaly
It is the phenomenon in which increasing the number of page frames results in an increase in the number of page faults for certain memory access patterns. It is related to Paging
Hence the Answer is Option 4
