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Which of the following is/are the reason for settlements to be built on mountain slopes?

1. Katabatic Winds.

2. Anabatic Winds.

3. The easy drainage of water from the slopes of mountains.


1. 1 only
2. 2 and 3 only
3. 1 and 2 only
4. 1, 2 and 3

1 Answer

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Correct Answer - Option 3 : 1 and 2 only

The correct answer is option 3, i.e 1 and 2.

  • During the day time the upper slopes are more heated due to insolation while the valley floors are protected from direct insolation.
  • This creates local pressure difference and hence wind blows from valley to the mountain slopes known as valley breeze (Anabatic Winds)
  • During the night time there is downward mountain breeze due to quick loss of heat from the bare mountain slopes. 
  • This Katabatic winds moves down valley occupies the valley floors and causes temperature inversion on the valley floors.
  • Hence the majority of human settlements on mountains are located on the slopes rather than at the valley or at the top.
  • The greek words anabasis means "moving up or ascend" and katabasis means "to descend".
  • Statement 3 is NOT one of the reasons for the settlement to be built on mountain slopes.

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