Question

The concept of Public Interest Litigation (PIL)was originated in ________.
1. Australia
2. India 
3. The United States of America
4. Britain

Answer 1

Correct Answer - Option 3 : The United States of America

• The term "PIL" was originated in the United States of America.
• The concept of PIL was introduced by Justice P.N.Bhagwati.
• Public interest litigation gives a wider description to the right to equality, life, and personality which is guaranteed under part III of the Constitution of India.

 PIL can be filed under

• Under Art 32 of the Indian Constitution in the Supreme court.
• Under Art 226 of the Indian Constitution in the High court.

Judicial Review:

• The power of Judicial Review comes from the Constitution of India itself (Articles 13, 32, 136, 142, and 147 of the Constitution).
• The power of Judicial review is evoked to protect and enforce the fundamental rights guaranteed in Part III of the Constitution.
• Article 13 of the Constitution prohibits the Parliament and the state legislatures from making laws that “may take away or abridge the fundamental rights” guaranteed to the citizens of the country.
• Examples of Judicial Review: The striking down of Section 66A of the IT Act as it was against the Fundamental Rights guaranteed by the constitution.