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Based on Aufbau’s principle, in which of the three 4d, 5p and 5s orbitals the electrons will be filled first? Why?

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According to Aufbau’s principle, the electron enters the orbital having lower n + l value. If both orbitals have same n + l values, electron enters the orbital with lower ‘n’ value.

Oprbital n + l value
4d 4 + 3 = 7
5p 5 + 1 = 6
5s 5 + 0 = 5

So, 3s has least n + l value. Therefore the electron enters 5s orbital first.

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