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Following alloying element improves strength of steel at elevated temperature
1. Copper
2. Tungsten
3. Aluminium
4. Zinc

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Correct Answer - Option 2 : Tungsten

Concept:

Effects of Various Elements in Steels

  • Boron improves hardenability without the loss of (or even with some improvement in) machinability and formability.
  • Calcium deoxidizes steels, improves toughness, and may improve formability and machinability.
  • Carbon improves hardenability, strength, hardness, and wear resistance; it reduces ductility, weldability, and toughness.
  • Chromium improves toughness, hardenability, wear and corrosion resistance, and high-temperature strength.
  • Cobalt improves strength and hardness at elevated temperatures.
  • Copper improves resistance to atmospheric corrosion and, to a lesser extent, increases strength with little loss in ductility.
  • Lead improves machinability, it causes liquid-metal embrittlement.
  • Magnesium has the same effects as cerium.
  • Manganese improves hardenability, strength, abrasion resistance, and machinability.
  • Molybdenum improves hardenability, wear resistance, toughness, elevated temperature strength, creep resistance, and hardness.
  • Nickel improves strength, toughness, corrosion resistance, and hardenability.
  • Phosphorus improves strength, hardenability, corrosion resistance, and machinability; it severely reduces ductility and toughness.
  • Silicon improves strength, hardness, corrosion resistance, and electrical conductivity; it decreases magnetic-hysteresis loss, machinability, and cold formability
  • Sulfur improves machinability when combined with manganese; it lowers impact strength and ductility and impairs the surface quality and weldability
  • Titanium improves hardenability; it deoxidizes steels.
  • Tungsten has the same effects as cobalt.
  • Vanadium improves fatigue strength, toughness, abrasion resistance, and hardness at elevated temperatures; it inhibits grain growth during heat treatment.

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