Correct Answer - Option 4 : only simple or concrete
Mental retardation is a developmental disability characterized by inadequate adaptation to societal demands. This disability is typically diagnosed in early childhood when a discrepancy is recognized between a child’s level of intellectual and adaptive functioning and that of children of the same chronological age.
Mentally retarted children need special guidance so teachers require patience and preservance to teach them. They need to be taught with simple aids and connect their content to real-life situations. In a classroom, the teacher can decide the activities which will help the learners to grasp the content. Therefore the maxims of teaching must be:
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Simple to complex: It is the psychology of a child that he wants the content in simplified form. Therefore the teacher must move from simple facts and then take learners towards a little more difficult state.
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Concrete to abstract: This is based on the principles of psychology. When a learner percepts anything or event in its real and physical form, he connects to it easily. Then he can be driven towards more immaterial and intangible facts or events.
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Whole to part: As insight theory states that any object or incident should be viewed as a whole and then it should be considered in parts. The whole is more understandable, motivating, and effective. So, a teacher must begin with the whole first and then step-by-step introduce its parts.
Thus, it is concluded that while teaching mentally retarded children, only simple or concrete rules shall not be taken care of.
