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The power developed at hydroelectric plants depends upon:
1. Heat transferred to turbine.
2. Cumulative weight of heat loss.
3. Alternator efficiency.
4. Head and discharge.

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Correct Answer - Option 4 : Head and discharge.

Power Developed by Hydro Power Plant:

In a hydroelectric power station, the kinetic energy developed due to gravity in falling water from higher to lower head is utilized to rotate a turbine to produce electricity.

The potential energy stored in the water at the upper water level will release as kinetic energy when it falls to the lower water level. 

Potential energy (Ep) is given by,

Ep = mgh .... (1)

Where,

m is mass of water
g is the acceleration due to gravity
h is the head height

The relation between mass (m) and density (δ) is given by,

\(δ=\frac{m}{V}\) .... (2)

Here, V is the volume

From equation (1) & (2),

Ep = δVgh

  • We know that power is the rate of change of energy,

Hence, Power Developed (P) = \(\frac{E_p}{t}\)

or, P = \(\frac{δVgh}{t}=\frac{δgh}{1}\times \frac{V}{t}=\frac{δgh}{1}\times Q\)

Here, Q is the flow rate in m3/sec.

Hence, Power developed in Hydroelectric Plant is depends on:

P ∝ δhQ

  • Density of fluid
  • Head height
  • Flow rate or discharge rate of fluid

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