Correct Answer - Option 3 : speed remains constant.
Explanation:
Circular motion:
- The motion of a body moving around a fixed point in a circular path is known as circular motion.
Example:
- The motion of the moon around the earth.
- The motion of a satellite around its planet.
- The direction of motion changes continuously in a circular motion, therefore the circular motion is an accelerated motion.
Uniform circular motion:
- If the angular velocity of the body remains constant during circular motion then it is called uniform circular motion.
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Speed of body is constant with change in direction.
- Uniform circular motion is an accelerated motion because the direction of motion of the body continuously changes.
Non-Uniform circular motion:
- If the angular velocity of the body changes during circular motion then it is called non-uniform circular motion.
Linear acceleration:
- The acceleration involved in linear motion is called linear acceleration.
- Here the acceleration is only due to the change in speed and no acceleration due to change in direction, therefore no radial component of acceleration.
Circular acceleration:
- The acceleration involved in a circular motion is called angular acceleration.
- In a circular motion, the acceleration experienced by the body towards the centre is called the centripetal acceleration which can be resolved into two-component.
- A radial component and a tangential component depending upon the type of motion.
Radial acceleration (ar): The acceleration of the object along the radius, directed towards the centre is called radial acceleration.
\(a_r=\frac{v^2}{r}=ω^2r\)
Where ar = radial acceleration, v = speed, r = radius of circular motion, ω = angular velocity
Tangential acceleration (at): The tangential component is defined as the component of angular acceleration tangential to the circular path.
\(a_t=\alpha r\)
