Question

The property of Toughness related to a material is best described by:
1. the capacity of a material to withstand loads without breaking.
2. the ability of a material to return to its original dimensions.
3. the capability of a material to absorb a great deal of energy before it fractures.
4. the ability of a material to be rolled or hammered permanently into a different shape without fracturing.

Answer 1

Correct Answer - Option 3 : the capability of a material to absorb a great deal of energy before it fractures.

Explanation:

Toughness 

• It is defined as the ability to absorb energy up to fracture. The energy per unit volume is the total area under the strain-stress curve. It is measured by an impact test.

Malleability

• Malleability is the property by virtue of which a material may be hammered or rolled into thin sheets without rupture. This property generally increases with the increase of temperature.

Hardness

Hardness is a measure of a metal's ability to withstand scratching, wear, and abrasion, indentation by a harder body.

Elasticity 

• The elasticity of a metal is its power of returning to its original shape after the applied force is released. A properly heat-treated spring is a good example for elasticity.