Correct Answer - Option 3 : Article, 243
Part-IX of the Constitution of India (Art-243 To 243-O: The Panchayats) deals with the Panchayati Raj system for the rural areas. It consists of definitions of various terms, composition, duration, reservation, powers, etc. of a Panchayat.
In Article 243, Unless the context dictates otherwise, in this section—
- “district” means a district in a State;
- “Gram Sabha” means a body consisting of persons registered in the electoral rolls relating to a village comprised within the area of Panchayat at the village level;
- “intermediate level” means a level between the village and district levels specified by the Governor of a State by public notification to be the intermediate level for this Part;
- “Panchayat” means an institution (by whatever name called) of self-government constituted under article 243B, for the rural areas;
- “Panchayat area” means the territorial area of a Panchayat;
- “population” means the population as ascertained at the last preceding census of which the relevant figures have been published;
- “village” means a village specified by the Governor by public notification to be a village for this Part and includes a group of villages so specified.
Thus the Panchayati Raj is well defined in Article 243, of the Indian Constitution.
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Article-243 A. Gram Sabha.- A Gram Sabha may exercise such powers and perform such functions at the village level as the Legislature of a State may, by law, provide.
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243 I. Constitution of Finance Commissions to review financial position, the Governor of a State shall, as soon as may be within one year from the commencement of the Constitution (Seventy-third Amendment) Act, 1992, and thereafter at the expiration of every fifth year, constitute a Finance Commission to review the financial position of the Panchayats.
