Question

In 1781, Warren Hastings, the first Governor General of India, established a madrasa in _______ for the study and teaching of Muslim law.
1. Mumbai
2. Delhi
3. Bihar
4. Calcutta

Answer 1

Correct Answer - Option 4 : Calcutta

The correct answer is Calcutta.

• In 1781, Warren Hastings, the first Governor-General of India, established a madrasa in Calcutta for the study and teaching of Muslim law.
• Calcutta Madrasa, The (later Calcutta Aliya Madrasa) was the earliest of the state-managed educational institutions under British rule in India.
• Founded by Governor-General Warren Hastings in October 1780 with its entire expense borne by him for a year and a half, of course fully reimbursed later, the Bengal Government took it over in April 1782.
• Originally situated at Baithakkhana near Sealdah in Calcutta.
• It was shifted to its present site at Wellesley Square in 1827.

• The Zamindari System :
  • The zamindari system was introduced by Lord Cornwallis in 1793 through Permanent Settlement that fixed the land rights of the members in perpetuity without any provision for fixed rent or occupancy right for actual cultivators.
  • Under the Zamindari system, the land revenue was collected from the farmers by the intermediaries known as Zamindars.
• The Ryotwari System :
  • In the British territories in southern India, there was a move away from the idea of Permanent Settlement.
  • A system that came to be known as the Ryotwari System, was devised by Captain Alexander Read and Sir Thomas Munro at the end of the 18th century and introduced by the latter when he was governor of Madras Presidency (1819–26).
  • Under the Ryotwari system, the land revenue was paid by the farmers directly to the state.
• The Mahalwari System :
  • The system was popularised by Lord William Bentinck in Agra and Awadh and was later extended to Madhya Pradesh and Punjab.
  • Under the Mahalwari system, the land revenue was collected from the farmers by the village headmen on behalf of the whole village (and not the zamindar).