Correct Answer - Option 3 : Sedimentation
Hydroelectric Power Plant:
A generating station that utilizes the potential energy of water at a high level for the generation of electrical energy is known as a hydroelectric power station.
Choice of Site for Hydr Choice of Site for Hydroelectric Power Plant:
(i) Availability of Water: Since the primary requirement of a hydroelectric power station is the availability of a huge quantity of water, such plants should be built at a place where required water is available at a good head.
(ii) Storage of Water: There are wide variations in water supply from a river or canal during the year. This makes it necessary to store water by constructing a dam in order to ensure the generation of power throughout the year. The storage helps in equalizing the flow of water so that any excess quantity of water at a certain period of the year can be made available during times of very low flow in the river
(iii) Cost and type of land: The land for the construction of the plant should be available at a reasonable price. Further, the bearing capacity of the ground should be adequate to withstand the weight of heavy equipment to be installed.
(iv) Transportation facilities: The site selected for a hydroelectric plant should be accessible by rail and road so that necessary equipment and machinery could be easily transported.
(v) Rocky Land: Rocks are considered to be a good foundation material and strength for the dam structure and it overcomes the structure from the land slide.