Correct Answer - Option 4 : HOWARD GARDNER
Intelligence involves a number of abilities together. It is the ability to acquire new skills and use the existing knowledge to complete the task.
Howard Gardner, an American Psychologist, proposed the theory of multiple intelligences. There are different types of intelligence that are independent of each other. Gardner views each individual as a unique combination of various intelligence.
- According to Howard Gardner, “Intelligence is a bio-psychological potential to process information that can be activated in a cultural setting to solve problems or create products that are of value in a culture”.
- The essence of Gardner’s Multiple Intelligences (MI) is that each person has eight types of intelligence.
Howard Gardner formulated the following types of intelligence:
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Type of Intelligence
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Description
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Linguistic
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ability to effectively use language to express oneself
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Logical-mathematical
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ability to analyze problems logically, perform mathematical operations and scientific investigation, capacity to detect patterns, handle long chains of reasoning
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Spatial
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ability to recognize and manipulate wide spaces such as navigation
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Musical
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ability to recognize and compose musical patterns
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Bodily-kinesthetic
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ability to use mental abilities to coordinate bodily movements
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Interpersonal
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ability to understand the intentions, motivations & desires of people
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Intrapersonal
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ability to understand oneself, appreciate one’s feelings, fears and motivations
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Naturalistic
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nature, nurturing and relating information to one’s natural surrounding
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Hence, it can be concluded that the multiple Intelligence theory of Intelligence was given by Howard Gardener.
