Correct Answer - Option 2 : Egocentric speech
In general, two well-known perspectives provide insight into cognition, learning, and development of children, namely Jean Piaget’s theory of cognitive development, and Lev S. Vygotsky’s Socio-Cultural perspective on children’s learning and development.
Children’s self-talk and development
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Piaget and Vygotsky both have written on children’s self-talk. In fact, there are debates between how Piaget and Vygotsky have looked at this self-talk.
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Piaget calls it egocentric speech and sees it as a feature of the preoperational stage.
- Piaget relates private speech to egocentrism among children, and also calls it egocentric speech.
- He says that such speech indicates that the child is unable to see others' points of view. S/he only talks about what s/ he wants to. However, as s/he cognitively and socially develops such speech gradually disappears.
- The child gradually becomes capable of considering others’ interests while talking and develops an interactive ability.
- However, Vygotsky calls self-talk as private-speech.
- Vygotsky believed that such self–talk has a positive developmental role to play.
- It is important in the cognitive development of the child and gradually enables her to regulate herself, monitor herself, plan and solve problems.
Hence, we can conclude that Piaget called children self-directed talk as Egocentric speech.
